How do Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) / Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) affect pregnancy?
STIs can significantly impact both mother and baby. According to the CDC, more than one million pregnant women are diagnosed with an STI each year (1). Risks include:
- Premature labor
- Premature rupture of membranes
- Uterine infection after delivery
- Transmission of infection to the baby during delivery
Some infections, like syphilis, can be passed to the baby during pregnancy and may result in stillbirth, pneumonia, meningitis, neurological damage, blindness, deafness, or liver disease.
What are the long-term effects of untreated STIs?
Without treatment, STIs can lead to serious health issues. In women, this may include infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and an increased risk of ectopic pregnancy. In men, complications can include epididymitis and infertility. Some infections, like syphilis, can progress to cause blindness, neurological damage, dementia, or even death.
What is the current landscape of STIs?
There is a growing epidemic of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 1 in 4 sexually active young people ages 15–24 will contract an STI (2) . The highest rates occur with chlamydia and gonorrhea.
What treatment options are available?
Treatment is essential for both individuals and their partners. Pregnancy resource centers that offer STI testing typically treat chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.
- Chlamydia: Treated with antibiotics such as azithromycin (safe in pregnancy) or doxycycline (for non-pregnant partners).
- Gonorrhea: Treated with an injection of ceftriaxone; alternatives are available for those with allergies.
- Syphilis: Treated with penicillin, with the approach depending on the stage of infection.
Patients are encouraged to:
- Ensure both partners receive treatment
- Notify previous partners so they can be tested
- Avoid sexual activity for 7 days after completing treatment
- Return for follow-up testing after 3 months to confirm the infection is cleared
The Well PRC offeres free STI Testing and Treatment services for clients/patients with a positive pregnancy test and their partner(s).
Contact us to learn more or schedule an appointment.
